Set scripts were slowly and carefully produced, with the SCRIBE frequently lifting the pen from the writing surface. The cut and thickness of the PEN nib alters the appearance and degree of formality of a script and writing materials generally influenced the development of letter forms.Using the link to the glossary above, read the definition for the term “script” and answer the following: Why do scribes use different scripts? The fifteenth-century humanists (see HUMANISTIC) were the first to attempt to distinguish styles of handwriting according to date, but the discipline really began to develop during the second half of the seventeenth century.Ģ. Paleography -From the Greek palaiographia, meaning 'ancient writing', paleography is the study of the history of SCRIPTS, their adjuncts (such as ABBREVIATION and punctuation), and their decipherment.Colophon-An inscription recording information relating to the circumstances of the production of a manuscript or printed book (the place and/or people involved and, less frequently, the date).When cataloguing manuscripts, the INCIPIT and explicit of a text are often cited to aid textual identification. Explicit- The closing of a textual unit, from the Latin explicitus, meaning 'unrolled'.The incipit and EXPLICIT of a book or text are often used in place of a title to identify a text. Incipit-The opening words of a text, from the Latin verb incipere ('to begin').Unlike decorated INCIPIT PAGES, carpet pages do not carry text. Carpet Page-An ornamental page particularly favoured in INSULAR art, sometimes incorporating a cross into its design, that derives its name from its visual similarity to an Eastern carpet.Ruling-The process by which a frame and/or horizontal lines are produced to guide the hand in writing the word also refers to the linear guide thus produced.Significant developments in the mise-en-page of manuscripts include the standardization of a one- or two-column layout during the LATE ANTIQUE and EARLY CHRISTIAN periods (initially four columns might be used, in emulation of an unrolled section of a ROLL). Mis-en-page-This term refers to the layout of a page.Glosses were often written in the margins or between the lines. Gloss -A word or words commenting on, elucidating, or translating those of the main text.Marginalia include GLOSSES, annotations, and diagrams. Marginalia-The Latin word for 'things in the margin', marginalia refers to writing or decoration in the margins of a manuscript.Its central text, the Little Office of the Blessed Virgin (or Hours of the Virgin), is modelled on the DIVINE OFFICE and represents a shorter version of the devotions performed at the eight canonical hours. Book of Hours-A book, also called a primer or horae, for use in private devotions.A breviary is often adorned with DECORATED or HISTORIATED INITIALS, and more luxurious copies may contain MINIATURES depicting biblical scenes or the performance of the office. Breviary-A SERVICE BOOK containing the texts necessary for the celebration of the DIVINE OFFICE.A number of bifolia folded together form a QUIRE. Bifolium- A sheet of writing support material (generally PARCHMENT during the Middle Ages) folded in half to produce two leaves (i.e., four pages).Using the link to the glossary above, look up the following and define them in no more than two sentences.
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